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Little is known about the incidence and risk factors of hospital-acquired malnutrition in children with mild illness (grade 1 clinical conditions) and its timing of occurrence. The aim of this study was to recognize any early stage of denutrition and possible risk factors leading to nutritional deterioration in children hospitalized due to mild clinical conditions.Four hundred ninety-six children...
This study investigated the combined effect of saturated fat and cholesterol intake on serum lipids among Tehranian adults.In 443 subjects ≥18 y, dietary intake was assessed. Height and weight were measured and body mass index was calculated. Serum cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were calculated. Cholesterol...
This study evaluated the preliminary effects of intense physical training (swimming) on oxidative stress in rats with nutritional deficiencies.Rats were fed with a standard diet or a diet deficient in vitamins and minerals for 4 months. The deficient diet contained one-fourth of the recommended vitamin and mineral levels for rats. From the second month, half of the animals were subjected to a swimming...
We investigated the pattern of delayed-onset muscle injury in well-trained athletes after a competitive half-marathon and the effects of post-race intake of wheat gluten hydrolysate (WGH).Thirty well-trained college runners with a best time of 14–15 min over 5000 m raced in a half-marathon. Thereafter, they were divided into three groups based on finish times and given 0 (control), 10, or 20 g of...
Data regarding health providers' personal lifestyle and the differential effect of a short-term personal lifestyle experience intervention program on health providers are limited.We conducted a controlled study aimed at changing personal attitudes toward lifestyle habits among 323 health professionals: 136 (42%) physicians, 140 (43%) dietitians, and 47 (15%) nurses and health promoters. In the intervention...
Dietary supplementation of a soy protein enriched with isoflavones (HDI) has been shown to improve fatty liver in obese rats. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether HDI would influence the inflammatory status in livers of obese rats with fatty liver.Male obese Zucker fa/fa rats were fed casein (controls) or casein supplemented with HDI (containing 4.00 g of genistein and 4.50...
Fatigue can be classified as physical or mental, depending on its cause. In physical fatigue, changes in the plasma levels of some amino acids have been reported. However, complex fatigue, which is experienced in daily life, is a combination of physical and mental fatigue. We aimed to identify changes in amino acid levels in the plasma, skeletal muscle, liver, and brain in an animal model of complex...
Normal aging in animals and humans is accompanied by a decline in cognitive performance that is thought to be due to the long-term effects of oxidative stress and inflammation on neurologic processes. Previous findings have suggested that protection against age-related cognitive declines may be achieved by increasing the dietary intake of fruits and vegetables, especially those that are high in antioxidant...
In most health care organizations there is still insufficient awareness for recognizing and treating malnourished patients. To gain more insight into nutritional care policies in Dutch health care organizations, this study investigated screening, treatment, and other quality indicators of nutritional care.In 2007 a cross-sectional multicenter study was performed that included 20 255 patients (hospitals,...
Many studies have shown that the nature of the lipid consumed in the diet significantly affects the development of inflammatory diseases. In this study, we compared the effect of diets supplemented with 15% by weight of fish oil (FO), refined olive oil (ROO), and pomace olive oil (POO) with that of a low-fat diet, 2% by weight of corn oil, considered as the basal diet (BD), on the ability to modify...
γ-Tocotrienol is a major component of the tocotrienol-rich fraction of palm oil, but there is limited evidence that it has antitumor activity. In particular, the effects of γ-tocotrienol on human colon carcinoma cells have not been reported. To investigate the chemopreventive effects of γ-tocotrienol on colon cancer, we examined its capacity to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in HT-29 cells...
The effects of five calcium (Ca) sources were compared for bone biochemical and mechanical properties and the related gene expression using mice, from the viewpoint of their soluble silicon (Si) content.Weanling male mice were fed diets containing 1% Ca supplemented with CaCO 3 as the control (CT), coral sand (CS), fossil stony coral (FSC), fish bone (FC) and eggshell (EC) powders, and 50...
Nutrition is known to influence the immune system and can thereby modulate resistance to infection. The objective of this clinical trial was to assess the influence of a cascade-fermented food consisting of fruits, nuts, and vegetables rich in polyphenols (Regulat) on the immune system in healthy volunteers.The clinical trial was double-blinded and placebo-controlled. In total, 48 healthy men 20–48...
Ghrelin is a peptide hormone involved in human energy homeostasis. Obestatin is a recently discovered active peptide derived from preproghrelin. It seemed that obestatin was a physiologic opponent of ghrelin. Helicobacter pylori infection may be associated with appetite and nutrition. We compared the plasma ghrelin/obestatin ratio in H. pylori–positive and -negative groups.People undergoing an annual...
Studies suggest that synbiotic therapy could prove more effective in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) than therapies limited to probiotics or prebiotics. This study compared the effect of each of these therapies in the treatment of UC.One hundred twenty outpatients with UC were randomly sorted into three groups of 40 patients each for probiotic, prebiotic, or synbiotic therapy. The probiotic...
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